Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. eCollection 2022 Jan-Mar. A cat bite on the hand can turn into a hospital stay, according to a new study. The information shared in this article is not a substitute for medical care. Cat bites are exceptionally dangerous and prone to infection because a cat's needle-like teeth can push bacteria deep into flesh, tendons and joints. The 2023 edition of ICD-10-CM S61.451A became effective on October 1, 2022. Frost Bite most commonly injures your ears and nose. These red streaks are from the infection traveling down your lymph system. Another SOLID Site, WALANT | Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet. 2. With these locations, it's not hard for a cat to puncture a joint or the layer of membrane that covers a tendon. On physical examination, BP was 118/80, pulse 106, respiratory rate 20 breaths per minute, temperature 99.9F, and pulse oxygenation 98%. The link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. loss of mobility in your finger or hand. Before In fact, the infection rate from a cat bite is fairly high. Cat bites need to be taken seriously and carefully evaluated by doctors, the study authors said. 2022 Feb 23;14(5):867. doi: 10.3390/polym14050867. Dog or cat bites to the hands are the most severe injuries, often requiring surgical intervention and hospitalization.1 Infectious complications occur in approximately 50% of cat bites. Millions of people are bitten by animals every year, mainly by dogs. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. ", "It can be just a pinpoint bite mark that can cause a real problem," he said, "because the bacteria get into the tendon sheath or into the joint where they can grow with relative protection from the blood and immune system.". cat bite wrist tendonjameel disu biography. Infections occur more frequently in cat bites because cats have extremely sharp, pointed teeth that can cause deep puncture wounds. The skin was warm and dry to touch. Infections occur as a result of a combination of the oral flora of the animal and the human skin flora. The CDC says that the incubation period for rabies (time between exposure and the appearance of symptoms) can be weeks to months. Cat bites only account for 10-15% of animal bites reported by emergency rooms, but they pose a much greater risk of infection. Of the hospitalized patients, 67% (n = 38) underwent irrigation and debridement, with 8 patients requiring more than 1 operation. "We don't play like we used to," Bothun said. Eleven patients (Group A) were presented within 48 hours of their injury. Cat bites create narrow, deep puncture wounds. Part 2 Seek Medical Care for Severe Bites 1 Go to the doctor if your bite is too serious for you to care for it adequately. Benson LS, Edwards SL, Schiff AP, Williams CS, Visotsky JL. Mr. H. was then sent for immediate orthopedic surgical evaluation. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site. Pulling away, Mr. H fell back and landed on a coffee table with his open right hand hyperextended. An infectious disease consultation was ordered. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Domestic cat bites are common and are often treated by simple wound care with good outcome. Cat bites to the hand can be especially dangerous since tendon sheaths and joints are close to the surface in the hand and cat bites penetrate deeply. Protected from the immune system, a cat bite infection can rapidly spread. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are only 1 to 3 cases in the United States each year. It has to pierce deep enough to get into the muscle where there is a good amount of blood flow. When a cat lands on the ground incorrectly after jumping, the ligaments and tendons are at risk of tearing, rupturing or breaking down over time. Pet owners must be made aware of the seriousness of a cat bite. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. He graduated magna cum laude with a degree in biological sciences from. Wrist tendonitis is irritation and inflammation of the tendons at the wrist joint. If the patient is allergic to penicillin, clindamycin 300 mg orally every 6 hours can be used. Bothun said she waited one week after her black cat, Mr. Binks, bit. A regular cat bite that just breaks the skin isn't really anything to worry about. The subjects were 18 females and two males aged 27-86 years (mean age of 58 years). The family cat lunged at him and bit and scratched his hand. Although the diagnosis of infected bite wounds of the hand is clinical, x-rays should be taken to detect fracture or teeth or other foreign bodies that could be a nidus of continuing infection. You should be especially careful if the wound is around your wrist area. QUESTIONS. Almost 40% of cases had flexor tendon sheath infection of the fingers. Brought to you by Merck & Co, Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (known as MSD outside the US and Canada) dedicated to using leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. One study in the New England Journal of Medicine estimated that 63% of cat bites were on the patients hands, followed by the arm with 23% of bites. The pain almost drove me up the wall.". Some bruising may develop, but the wound should heal within a week to 10 days. Misunderstanding this risk has led to a worrying number of hospitalizations, as patients require surgery to clean wounds or remove tissue thats become infected. Does the amount of Vitamin D you have affect your odds of getting multiple sclerosis? To care for your wound at home, follow these steps: If the following symptoms occur, seek medical attention: If you have a pet cat, make sure to take them to regular veterinary visits to stay updated on vaccines. Numbness, pain and weakness may be symptoms of it. If you have a hand injury and would like to have it evaluated by our areas leading hand specialist, contact us today to schedule an appointment. reported a staggering 28-80 percent cat bite infection rate. Psoriatic arthritis. Laboratory findings showed erythrocyte sedimentation rate 28 mm/hour, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 14.5 mg/L, WBC 10,0000/l, RBC 3.77 106/l, hemoglobin 12.3 g/dL, and hematocrit 35.3%. for two weeks. While 3-18 percent of dog bites become infected, another study reported a staggering 28-80 percent cat bite infection rate. Learn more about rabies in humans here. Two thirds of those hospitalized during the study required surgery to flush out the infection in the wounds and middle-aged women were the most common bite victims. Monitor the area over the following few days for any usual symptoms or pain. Extensor Tendon Injuries are traumatic injuries to the extensor tendons that can be caused by laceration, trauma, or overuse. You may need to begin rabies treatment if the cat thats bitten you shows any rabies symptoms. According to a 2018 research review, infection occurs in about 50 percent of cat bites in children. However, more severe reactions can occur, and rashes can develop. A. of nearly 200 cases between 2009-2011 found that one third of patients suffering from cat bite infections were hospitalized and two-thirds of those patients required surgery. Immunocompromised people are at a higher risk of developing a severe infection from these bacteria. A doctor or nurse will wash the wound thoroughly, trim away any dead tissue, and apply antibiotic ointment. Dr. Philip Schwarzman answered. 20 The trial was terminated because of high rates of infection with wound care alone (47%). To assess the overall morbidity of cat bites to the hand and identify risk factors for hospitalization after such an injury. Puncture wounds from a cat bite have a high risk of infection. 2021 Sep 9;9(9):e3778. Pontchartrain Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center. Methods: Acute carpal tunnel syndrome of the hand following a cat bite. The researchers said 57 of the patients who were bitten needed to be hospitalized, but only 36 had been admitted immediately after seeking medical treatment. Of those, 57 were hospitalized; on average, they were in the hospital three days. These include: If the cat bite is deep, it can damage your tendon(s). Animal bites usually contain multiple potential pathogens, including Pasteurella multocida (particularly in cat bites), staphylococci, streptococci, and anaerobes. Because cats have extremely sharp teeth, their bites penetrate the skin easily and cause small but deep wounds. Cat Bites: Dont Take Them Lightly (Info & Treatment). Use for phrases eCollection 2022. Results were negative for fracture, dislocation, and lytic or blastic lesions. The Conscious Cat is a comprehensive resource for conscious living, health and happiness for cats and their humans. A peripherally inserted central catheter line was placed and IV ceftriaxone (Rocephin) administered. Camacho Zamora P, Romn Cabello M, lvarez Garca P, Vzquez Canal E. Rev Esp Quimioter. According to the study patients with bites directly over the wrist or any joint have a higher risk of hospitalization. Fever that lasts for several days after a cat scratch or bite. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. There was limited range of motion to the second digit on the right hand (partial flexion). for 10 days. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! North East Kingdom's Best Variety super motherload guide; middle school recess pros and cons; caribbean club grand cayman for sale; dr phil wilderness therapy; adewale ogunleye family. If you have been bitten by a cat, seeyour doctor or visit anurgent care facility. Twenty cases of cat bites to the hand and wrist were retrospectively reviewed between 2014 and 2018. Never try to separate cats who are fighting. 2021 Aug;70(8):639-643. doi: 10.1007/s00101-021-01003-9. Medicine (Baltimore). Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders, Amoxil, Dispermox, Moxatag, Moxilin , Sumox, Trimox, Biocef, Daxbia , Keflex, Keftab, Panixine, Cleocin, Cleocin Ovules, Cleocin Pediatric, Cleocin T, CLIN, Clindacin ETZ, Clindacin-P, Clinda-Derm , Clindagel, ClindaMax, ClindaReach, Clindesse, Clindets, Evoclin, PledgaClin, XACIATO, Acticlate, Adoxa, Adoxa Pak, Avidoxy, Doryx, Doxal, Doxy 100, LYMEPAK, Mondoxyne NL, Monodox, Morgidox 1x, Morgidox 2x , Okebo, Oracea, Oraxyl, Periostat, TARGADOX, Vibramycin, Vibra-Tabs. However, delayed presentation may lead to significant morbidity or even mortality. Univariate and multivariate statistical regression were used to analyze the data. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. In severe cases, surgery may be required to clean out the infected areas. Epub 2021 Jul 2. Empiric antibiotics for outpatient treatment usually include monotherapy with amoxicillin/clavulanate 500 mg orally 3 times a day or combined therapy with penicillin 500 mg orally 4 times a day (for E. corrodens, P. multocida, streptococci, and anaerobes) plus either a cephalosporin (eg, cephalexin 500 mg orally 4 times a day) or semisynthetic penicillin (eg, dicloxacillin 500 mg orally 4 times a day) for staphylococci. Cat bites are typically puncture wounds that penetrate deeply into the skin and underlying tissues [2] with infection rates of up to 50% [4]. Can taking antioxidants protect you against cancer? Close more info about Pain, tingling, and limited range of motion after a cat bite to the finger, Lori L. Henderson, DNP-c, MSN , APNP-BC, and Teri Kaul, PhD, APRN, Botched cryotherapy procedure leads to painful bullous lesion. This site is not intended to and does not provide medical advice, professional diagnosis, opinion, treatment or services to you or to any other individual. Treatment can be nonoperative or operative depending on the zone of injury. BP was 120/78 mm Hg, pulse 98 beats per minute, pulse oxygenation 97%, temperature 98.8F, and weight 290 lbs. While five- to nine-year-old males are the. Can antioxidants supercharge your brain power? Your sharp, long teeth can leave deep punctate injuries. Instead, call the animal control office in your area. They are most often located on the upper extremities and are almost always accompanied by scratches [2-4]. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Treatment of infected bite wounds of the hand includes surgical debridement, with the wound left open, and antibiotics. eCollection 2021 Sep. Strwald Y, Erdle B, Busch P, Kalbhenn J, Bansbach J. Anaesthesist. Mr. H was discharged the next day and told to return to the infusion center every day for the next two weeks for IV Rocephin. Cat bites can also lead to bone infection, and in extreme cases, septic shock, which is a life-threatening condition. These bites may look harmless, but it is important to take immediate medical action after the initial injury. J Hand Surg Am. She said what followed was eight weeks in and out of the hospital, two weeks of surgery every other day to flush the infection out of the wound and remove infected tissue, and antibiotics to treat the rampant infection. S61.451A is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Cats are also the main reservoir of Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat scratch disease, which was confirmed in the presented patient by serological examination. In the case of dogs and cats, thats not always the case. any link with venom from cat bite affecting central nervous system? Mean duration of antibiotic treatment and length of hospital stay were significantly longer in Group B (p < .05). If the patient is allergic to penicillin, recommend doxycyline 100 mg b.i.d. Cat bites and scratches: Sometimes more than just a cut. Conscious Cat is reader-supported. Bothun said she still feels pain in her wrist and does not have full movement. Tendons can rupture and may require surgery. Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. Polymers (Basel). Joint spaces were preserved, and bony structures were in good alignment. Report of 34 cases and review of the literature. At the hand, where cats most often bite . "Cat bites look very benign, but -- as we know and as the study shows -- they are not," Carlsen said. Occasionally an infection can cause tendinitis, especially infection from a cat or dog bite to the hand or a finger. Your doctor may also recommend an X-ray to diagnose injuries to joints or bones or to see if there are any fragments from the cats teeth that may have broken off. Some people need surgery, though. and Early treatment reduces the severity of many animal bites. One of the more common is a highly pathogenic bacterium, Pasteurella multocida. Once trapped under the skin, these bacteria spread and multiply, causing infection and inflammation (cellulitis) of the surrounding soft tissues. 2017 Dr. Brandon P. Donnelly If left untreated, cat bite infections can spread to other parts of the body, causing a condition called septicemia (blood poisoning), which requires hospitalization. The study showed that administering antibiotics failed in 21 of the 193 patients, who later received treatment in the hospital. The most common symptoms of infection from a cat bite include: redness or discoloration swelling inflammation warmth a bump or blister where the bite wound is located More serious symptoms of. Hydrocodone (Vicodin) and naprosyn (Naproxen) were also prescribed for pain and inflammation. If left untreated, infections can potentially lead to scarring, tissue loss, or even life threatening sepsis. The information in this post is not a substitute for medical care. Clean bite wounds thoroughly with soap and water. (2014). Can Vitamin D affect your risk of heart disease? Animal bites on your hand and fingers are common, especially from pets like dogs and cats. They may take a culture swab to help identify the type of bacteria causing the infection. pedsinreview.aappublications.org/content/39/10/490, amjmed.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0002-9343%2816%2930081-X, e-aps.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.5999/aps.2016.43.6.590, orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/187998/1/424%20pub_thiry.pdf, wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/10/16-0115_article, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4575703/, vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/zoonotic-disease-what-can-i-catch-my-cat. Open cat bite of wrist; Open cat bite wound of neck; Present On Admission. Early treatment is beneficial in decreasing the risk of infection. All rights reserved. Learn more about the Merck Manuals and our commitment to Global Medical Knowledge. July 2012 edited July 2012. In rare cases, these infections can be fatal. Issues related to infectious tenosynovitis will be reviewed here. Dog and cat bites. If the wound is bleeding, dont stop blood flow; in fact, try to encourage bleeding by gently pressing the area around the wound. A fever is considered a temperature of 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. 2004 Oct;74(10):859-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-1433.2004.03189.x. Adult cats bite out of fear, to assert dominance, or to demand attention. Some bites require the use of antibiotics through an intravenous (IV), while others may be treated with oral medication. Zoonotic disease: What can I catch from my cat? Conclusions: Ms. Henderson is a family nurse practitioner at Wheaton Franciscan HealthcareAll Saints in Racine, Wisc. Bula-Rudas FJ, et al. However, play it safe by washing the area thoroughly with soap and water. 2021 Sep 9;9(9):e3778. Dont try to capture the cat yourself. extreme lower back pain after a nasty cat bite that required intravenus antibiotics in the hospital followed up with pain meds and antibiotics antiinflammatory meds, swelling decreasing throbbing pain decreasing, back pain is unbearable. Therapeutic III. An initial assessment of early cellulitis and right-hand pain secondary to the cat bite and fall was made. Animal bites that dont break your skin, as well as scratches that just graze the surface of your skin, have a minimal risk of infection. Dont use harsh disinfectants or chemicals to clean the wound, as they may harm tissue and slow down healing. I now fear joint or bone or tendon . While most bug bites cause only mild symptoms, some bug bites can transmit disease. If a cat bite breaks your skin, you should seek medical attention if: A cat bite carries a high risk of infection and can be dangerous. Cat bites are about twice as likely as dog bites to get infected. The trusted provider of medical information since 1899, Overview and Evaluation of Hand Disorders, Digital Flexor Tendinitis and Tenosynovitis (Trigger Finger), Last review/revision Apr 2022 | Modified Sep 2022. Dr. Brandon P. Donnelly is a native of Slidell, LA. Of course, if the cat's fangs go in very deep, this could be worrisome and worth a doctor's visit! The most common cause of human bites is a tooth-induced injury to the metacarpophalangeal joint as a result of a punch to the mouth (clenched fist injury). Infection is the consequence of cat bites that medical professionals are most worried about. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Am Fam Physician. Briefly, infected bites will often appear red and swollen. Of those admitted to the hospital, 38 patients needed surgery to clean the wound or remove infected tissue. If you know the cat thats bitten you has a rabies vaccine, its unlikely that youll contract rabies. Sources: Babovic N, Carlsen BT, Cayci C. Cat Bite Infections of the Hand: Assessment of Morbidity and Predictors of Severe Infection. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. At the initial visit, Mr. H was alert and oriented. Physical examination findings of erythema and swelling at presentation were also associated with increased risk of hospitalization. You may need to be on antibiotics so get medical care. The patient appeared ill and uncomfortable. Savu AN, Schoenbrunner AR, Politi R, Janis JE. Determine the severity of the bite. and transmitted securely. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Clinical Guidelines in Family Practice. Another 154 were treated with oral antibiotics as outpatients, although 21 of them eventually had to be hospitalized. Educating the patient about the importance of early management and immediate follow-up can reduce the risk of adverse sequelae and the potential costs of hospitalization and post-bite management. In most jurisdictions, physicians are required to report animal bites to the local health department. Here are some of the potential infectious diseases that can happen after a cat bite: Pasteurella multocida is a type of bacteria frequently found in the mouths of cats that can cause infections after a bite or scratch. 4th ed., Gainesville Fla.: Barmarrae Books; 2003. Kittens bite, mouth, and paw things to explore their worldthey're all natural behaviors. and transmitted securely. Discharge instructions and wound-care handouts were provided. Give them time to calm down before approaching them. You love your cat. Before joining Pontchartrain Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, he completed a hand and microsurgery fellowship at the prestigiousPhiladelphia Hand Center. 2021 Nov 1;71:102993. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102993. Dawn Bothun, of Minnesota said a bite on her hand turned into an eight-week hospital ordeal and $150,000 in medical bills. Enechukwu AOM, Bucher F, Dastagir K, Jokuszies A, Vogt PM, Knneker S. Ann Med Surg (Lond). Dog and cat bites to the hand: treatment and cost assessment. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9357. Brian Carlsen, a researcher on the study and orthopedic surgeon at Mayo Clinic, said cat's fangs penetrate the skin and push bacteria deep into joints and tissue, causing infection. Domestic animals, like dogs and cats, are responsible for the majority of animal bites. Would you like email updates of new search results? If you decide to delay medical care, watch closely for signs of infection. A 29-year-old woman with fever after a cat bite. Complications were common among these patients. Cat bites may look small, but they can turn into serious problems. [Sepsis after cat bite-How medical history, physical examination and interdisciplinary cooperation influence disease progression]. If you dont know the rabies status of the animal, try to locate it and call animal control. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. "I thought I could manage them on my own but I couldn't move my wrist after a week.". Before Read More, The Conscious Cat Product Guide features all of the best products for cats and cat lovers. (2021). The pain almost drove me up the . Privacy Policy The treatment of such infections often requires hospitalization, intravenous antibiotic therapy, and operative treatment. If you notice any redness, swelling, discharge from the wound, increasing pain, or difficulty moving the hand, seek emergency care. Kanavel's Signs: Open wound of wrist, hand and fingers ( S61) S61.451A is a billable ICD-10 code used to specify a medical diagnosis of open bite of right hand, initial encounter. Victims should be especially concerned about the risk of a cat bite infection if they develop swelling or inflamed skin. Cat bites to the hand are so dangerous, 1 in 3 patients with such wounds had to be hospitalized, a Mayo Clinic study covering three years showed. Therefore, its important to get an infection from a cat bite treated. Which means there are very few white blood cells to fight the bacteria, and they have an easy time infecting your tendon cells. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0372-2022. Cats teeth are sharp and pointy. Is It Bedbugs, Other Bug Bites, or a Rash? The site is secure. During a bite, a cat's tooth might also transfer pathogens commonly found on human skin ( Staphylococcus and Streptococcus) into underlying tissues, creating a "cocktail" of bacterial contamination. An infection from a cat bite can lead to more serious complications if not treated right away. Treatment of hand infections using WALANT -when the anesthesiologist is not available: A retrospective cohort study. Apparently, cats have a bacteria in their saliva that aids in their digestion, which can be lethal if it gets into a human being's blood stream. Mr. H was unable to perform full flexion of the second digit. - dog bite: - consider viridans strep, pasteurella multocida, bacteroides, fusobacterium, capnocytophaga; - prophylactic treatment: augmentin / amoxicillin or with allergy ( cipro + clindamycin) The bites can even be so deep that they damage a victim's nerves, tendons and . Fire ants are found in many southern U.S. states. If the cat is healthy after 10 days, there is no risk to the person who was bitten. Ellis R, et al. Bothun said she waited one week after her black cat, Mr. Binks, bit her hand to go to Saint Mary's Hospital, part of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. The site is secure. This means that the cat's saliva has a chance to enter the sealed-off areas of joints and tendons, which make a prime breeding ground for the . What is the potential risk associated with cat bites? In areas where MRSA is prevalent, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, doxycycline, or linezolid should be used instead of a cephalosporin. There was full range of motion in the right wrist and all other digits of the right hand. Cat bites are about twice as likely as dog bites to get infected. MeSH terms Adult Aged Read more about types of bites, symptoms, and treatments. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. government site. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. 2023 USA TODAY, a division of Gannett Satellite Information Network, LLC. a tendon lesion or a purulent flexor . Your physician may also recommend a tetanus shot. Terms of Use. They respond aggressively when their home is disturbed, biting and injecting venom. Yet most animal bites are avoidable: Understanding how to interact with animals, and staying aware of any signals of aggression or fear, are both critically important. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Emergency Medicine 46 years experience. There was limited range of motion at the PIP joint on the second digit. The fear is that bacteria from the person's skin or from the cat's or dog's mouth gains access to a part of the body that is like a freeway for the bacteria to spread quickly the tendons. 2006 Mar;31(3):468-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2005.12.011. PMC I still have a small bump from a cat that bit my hand around twenty-five years ago. "I washed the wounds on my wrist and put antiseptic on them," Bothun said. This is particularly true when patients develop inflamed skin and swelling. Epub 2019 Jul 9. While 3-18 percent of dog bites become infected. 2015 Jan;23(1):47-57. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-23-01-47. Wrist Tendonitis; DeQuervain's Tendonitis; Carpal Boss; Wrist Fractures; Distal Radius Fracture of the Wrist; Scaphoid Fractures of the wrist; Elbow. for three to five days or one double-strength trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole tablet b.i.d. Clinical findings suggestive of the need for hospitalization include location of the bite over a joint or tendon sheath, erythema, pain, and swelling. of dog bites, middle-aged women were the most common victims of cat bites to the hand, according to the Mayo Clinic study. The wrist or any joint in the fingers are usually the worst places to be wounded and thats just where most people get bitten by cats. There was minimal pain and bleeding. [Hyatt, 2017] PFT is a clinical diagnosis!! Carlsen said the study showed the hand and wrist are the perfect breeding ground for bacteria, making outpatient antibiotic treatment hard.

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